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Safe handling of carcinogens
Safe Handling of Carcinogens is the handling of cancer causing substances in a safe and responsible manner. Carcinogens are defined as 'a substance or agent that can cause cells to become cancerous by altering their genetic structure so that they multiply continuously and become malignant'.〔(The American Heritage Science Dictionary ), The American Heritage® Science Dictionary Copyright © 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved..http://www.thefreedictionary.com/carcinogen〕 The Australian NOHSC Definitions divides carcinogens into three categories. Category 1 carcinogens are substances known to be carcinogenic to humans. Category 2 carcinogens are substances that should be regarded as if they were carcinogenic to humans. Category 3 carcinogens are defined as substances that have possible carcinogenic effects in humans but about which there is insufficient information to make an assessment. Substances are most often categorised as category 1 carcinogens by epidemiological data and as category 2 or 3 carcinogens through the results of animal testing. Mixtures containing more than 0.1% of a category 1 or 2 carcinogen or more than 1% of a category 3 carcinogen must also be considered carcinogenic and be appropriately labelled.〔(Safe Work Australia ), NOHSC. (1999). Approved criteria for classifying hazardous substances () Section 4.76..http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/AboutSafeWorkAustralia/WhatWeDo/Publications/Documents/504/Approved_Criteria_classifying_Hazardous_Substances_NOHSC1008_1999_2nd_Edition.pdf. Last accessed 21/05/2011
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Many are used in industry and everyday life, making the safe handling of carcinogens an important consideration.
== Routes of Exposure ==
The main routes of exposure to carcinogens come from direct contact through the methods of inhalation, contact, injection, absorption or ingestion. Each of these exposure routes and severity of damage can vary depending on the potential carcinogen in question.〔(Health Canada ), Health Canada. (2006). Carcinogens, Mutagens, Teratogens and Reproductive Toxins. Available: http://hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/occup-travail/whmis-simdut/carcino-eng.php. Last accessed 26/04/2011.〕 As many carcinogens have a chronic effect and symptoms may only appear after repeated long term exposure, making symptoms and exposure hard to monitor.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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